當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間12月21日，世衛(wèi)組織舉行新冠肺炎例行發(fā)布會(huì)，世衛(wèi)組織衛(wèi)生緊急項(xiàng)目技術(shù)主管瑪麗亞·范·科霍夫在回答總臺(tái)記者提問(wèn)時(shí)表示，英國(guó)上報(bào)的新冠病毒變體9月已在當(dāng)?shù)貍鞑?，目前英?guó)報(bào)告的數(shù)據(jù)顯示此種新冠病毒變體傳播力增強(qiáng)，傳播指數(shù)從1.1上升至1.5。20日起，倫敦及周邊地區(qū)，已從三級(jí)防控級(jí)別提升至最高級(jí)別四級(jí)。目前已有多國(guó)宣布禁止英國(guó)航班入境。

On December 21, local time, WHO held a routine press conference for new coronary pneumonia. Maria van Khov, the technical director of WHO's health emergency project, said in response to a question from a reporter from the main station that the new coronavirus variant reported in the UK 9 It has been spread locally by the month. The current data reported by the United Kingdom shows that the spread of this new coronavirus variant has increased, and the spread index has risen from 1.1 to 1.5. Starting on the 20th, London and surrounding areas have been upgraded from the third level of prevention and control to the highest level Level four. At present, many countries have announced the prohibition of British flights.

面對(duì)英國(guó)新冠病毒變體的消息，中國(guó)的疫情防控形勢(shì)面臨哪些新變化？元旦臨近，春節(jié)也要來(lái)了，新的人員大規(guī)模流動(dòng)，又會(huì)對(duì)疫情防控帶來(lái)什么影響？12月21日晚的央視《新聞1+1》節(jié)目中，總臺(tái)記者白樺、中國(guó)疾控中心副主任馮子健對(duì)大眾關(guān)注的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了解答。

Facing the news of the British new crown virus variant, what new changes are facing China's epidemic prevention and control situation? New Year's Day is approaching and the Spring Festival is also coming. What impact will the large-scale movement of new personnel have on epidemic prevention and control? On the evening of December 21st, CCTV's "News 1+1" program, CCTV reporter Bai Hua and China CDC Deputy Director Feng Zijian answered questions of public concern.

關(guān)于在英國(guó)出現(xiàn)的新冠病毒變異情況，哪些信息可以確認(rèn)？

What information can be confirmed about the mutation of the new coronavirus in the UK?

總臺(tái)記者 白樺：在英國(guó)衛(wèi)生與社會(huì)保健部官方網(wǎng)站上，英國(guó)首席醫(yī)療官克里斯·惠蒂對(duì)變異的新冠病毒有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短聲明，第一點(diǎn)他就承認(rèn)英國(guó)出現(xiàn)了新變異的病毒。

Headquarters reporter Bai Hua: On the official website of the British Ministry of Health and Social Care, British Chief Medical Officer Chris Whitty made a brief statement about the mutated new coronavirus. The first point he admitted was the emergence of a new mutated virus in the UK.

從英國(guó)東南部開(kāi)始，迅速蔓延到英國(guó)，至于蔓延速度到底有多快，并沒(méi)有明確說(shuō)明。目前沒(méi)有任何科學(xué)根據(jù)表明變異的新冠病毒致死率會(huì)更高、對(duì)疫苗的有效性會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響，這些都需要時(shí)間和科學(xué)家進(jìn)一步證明。

Starting from the southeast of England, it spread rapidly to the UK. As for how fast the spread is, there is no clear explanation. There is currently no scientific basis to show that the mutated new coronavirus will have a higher lethality and will affect the effectiveness of the vaccine. These will require time and scientists to further prove it.

英國(guó)正在和世衛(wèi)組織積極聯(lián)系，密切關(guān)注英國(guó)疫情變化，以便采取更為急迫的措施。英國(guó)廣播公司在21日早上的一篇文章中提到一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)，英國(guó)政府承認(rèn)變異后的新冠病毒，傳播速率提高了70%。而在《金融時(shí)報(bào)》最新的一篇文章中指出，“表明該變種增強(qiáng)傳染性的一個(gè)事實(shí)是：自9月20日在肯特郡（Kent）出現(xiàn)后，到11月初，該變種在倫敦造成了28%的感染；在12月9日結(jié)束的那一周造成62%的感染。”

The UK is actively liaising with the WHO to closely monitor the changes in the UK epidemic in order to take more urgent measures. The BBC mentioned a data in an article on the morning of the 21st that the British government admitted that the mutated new coronavirus has increased its transmission rate by 70%. In a recent article in the Financial Times, it was pointed out that “a fact that shows that this variant is more contagious is that after it appeared in Kent on September 20th, to the beginning of November, the variant caused 28% of infections; 62% of infections were caused in the week ending December 9."

媒體用“逃離倫敦”來(lái)形容英國(guó)民眾現(xiàn)狀，情況屬實(shí)嗎？

The media used "escape from London" to describe the status quo of the British people. Is it true?

英國(guó)政府要宣布封城，倫敦作為一個(gè)通勤國(guó)際大都市，很多人是在這工作，并不在這居住，封城就意味著回不了家，所以要在周末之前趕回。

The British government will announce the closure of the city. London is an international commuter city. Many people work here and do not live here. The closure of the city means that they cannot return home, so they must return before the weekend.

一年一度的傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日圣誕節(jié)要來(lái)了，大家都趕著回家和親人團(tuán)聚，心情非常急迫。

The annual traditional holiday Christmas is coming. Everyone is rushing home to reunite with their relatives in a very urgent mood.

剛剛宣布的病毒變異，傳播速率非?？?，這無(wú)疑給民眾心理又造成一定的恐慌。據(jù)我了解，全世界已經(jīng)有將近30多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)停止了和英國(guó)的航線往來(lái)。最新消息是歐盟正在緊急磋商，法國(guó)政府表示將會(huì)出臺(tái)一個(gè)協(xié)議，盡快恢復(fù)和英國(guó)的交通。

The virus mutation just announced has spread very fast, which undoubtedly caused some panic in the people's mind. As far as I know, nearly 30 countries and regions around the world have stopped air routes with the UK. The latest news is that the EU is negotiating urgently, and the French government has indicated that it will issue an agreement to resume traffic with the UK as soon as possible.

變異新冠病毒傳播率提高70%，準(zhǔn)確嗎？

The transmission rate of mutated new coronavirus has increased by 70%, is it accurate? 

中國(guó)疾控中心副主任 馮子健：這個(gè)結(jié)果確實(shí)是數(shù)學(xué)模型推演的，因?yàn)闆](méi)辦法在人群中去實(shí)際測(cè)算，只能用模型來(lái)推測(cè)。

Feng Zijian, deputy director of the China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: This result is indeed deduced by a mathematical model, because there is no way to actually measure it among the population, and can only use models to speculate.

但它也給我們一個(gè)很重要的提示，在人群中也可以看到變異新冠病毒傳播增強(qiáng)的跡象，也有一些實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)。比如，最近七八周，在英國(guó)，特別是中南部的發(fā)病率，每周大概提升4倍，而新的變異毒株所占比例也大幅提升，這從一個(gè)方面也佐證了變異新冠病毒傳播能力增強(qiáng)。另外，病毒現(xiàn)在發(fā)現(xiàn)的變異主要是在它的刺突蛋白上發(fā)生變異，刺突蛋白非常重要，因?yàn)樵诓《厩秩肴梭w后和人細(xì)胞結(jié)合時(shí)，它是一個(gè)非常重要的部位、區(qū)域，特別是在受體結(jié)合區(qū)域（RBD）也有基因變異，這就更令人擔(dān)心。

But it also gives us a very important reminder that signs of increased transmission of mutant new coronaviruses can also be seen in the population, and there are some actual data. For example, in the past seven or eight weeks, the incidence rate in the United Kingdom, especially in the central and southern parts of the country, has increased by about 4 times per week, and the proportion of new mutant strains has also increased significantly. This also confirms the ability of the mutant new coronavirus to spread. Enhanced. In addition, the mutation found in the virus is mainly in its spike protein. The spike protein is very important because it is a very important part and area when the virus invades the human body and combines with human cells. There are also genetic mutations in the receptor binding region (RBD), which is even more worrying.

變異的新冠病毒：致病性和病毒毒力目前沒(méi)有跡象表明有提升

Mutated new coronavirus: pathogenicity and virus virulence are currently no signs of improvement

馮子健：致病性主要看感染了多少人，其中有多少人發(fā)病，出現(xiàn)癥狀，這個(gè)比例才能反映它的致病性，現(xiàn)在看來(lái)變異的新冠病毒好像沒(méi)有跡象表明致病性的提高。相反，倒是看到了另一個(gè)現(xiàn)象，無(wú)癥狀感染者比例在上升，如果這樣，反而是致病性在下降。另外，沒(méi)有看到病毒毒力的提升，毒力是用致死率或病死率來(lái)反映，目前也沒(méi)有觀察到病死率的上升，這是目前對(duì)它的一個(gè)基本認(rèn)識(shí)。目前疫苗所產(chǎn)生的抗體，保護(hù)性和變異病毒之間有沒(méi)有交叉保護(hù)，或者既往感染后的免疫，是否對(duì)它也起到保護(hù)作用？在這方面還沒(méi)有更多數(shù)據(jù)，還要進(jìn)一步觀察，進(jìn)一步做實(shí)驗(yàn)室包括動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。

Feng Zijian: The pathogenicity mainly depends on how many people are infected, and how many of them are sick and have symptoms. This ratio can reflect its pathogenicity. It seems that the mutated new coronavirus seems to have no signs of increased pathogenicity. On the contrary, we have seen another phenomenon. The proportion of asymptomatic infections is increasing. If this is the case, the pathogenicity is decreasing. In addition, no increase in the virulence of the virus has been seen. The virulence is reflected in the fatality rate or the case fatality rate. At present, there is no increase in the case fatality rate. This is a basic understanding of it. Is there any cross-protection between the antibodies produced by the current vaccine and the protective and mutant viruses, or does the immunity after previous infections also protect it? There is no more data in this area, and further observations are needed, and further laboratory tests, including animal experiments, are needed for verification.

國(guó)家疾控中心非常關(guān)注在國(guó)際上發(fā)生的病毒傳播、變異，包括傳播特征的變化，所有信息我們都高度關(guān)注。對(duì)于英國(guó)發(fā)生的情況，最近一段時(shí)間我們一直在關(guān)注英國(guó)公共衛(wèi)生署和科學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)，以及國(guó)際上一些重要公共衛(wèi)生組織、國(guó)際專業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)組織對(duì)變異病毒的認(rèn)識(shí)分析，披露和呈現(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)。同時(shí)，對(duì)于病毒變異情況，我們也利用國(guó)際基因數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行一些分析，做一些研判，對(duì)它的傳播風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、在全球進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)散的情況，包括未來(lái)是否會(huì)成為主流毒株等認(rèn)識(shí)，包括我們可以采取哪些措施來(lái)做好防范，都有認(rèn)真研究和考慮。

The National Center for Disease Control and Prevention is very concerned about the spread and mutation of the virus in the international arena, including changes in transmission characteristics, and we pay great attention to all information. Regarding what happened in the UK, we have been paying close attention to the analysis, disclosure and presentation of the data of the mutant virus by the Public Health Agency and scientific institutions, as well as some important international public health organizations and international professional organizations. At the same time, for the virus mutation, we also use the international genetic database to conduct some analysis and make some research and judgments, to understand its spread risk, further spread in the world, including whether it will become a mainstream virus strain in the future, including what we can do Measures to take precautions are carefully studied and considered.

目前我國(guó)沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)變異新冠病毒輸入情況

At present, my country has not found the import of mutated new coronavirus